From Wikipedia:
Emergency landing sites[edit]
Pre-determined emergency landing sites for the orbiter were determined on a mission-by-mission basis according to the mission profile, weather and regional political situations. Emergency landing sites during the shuttle program included:[14][15]
Cites in which an orbiter has landed are listed in bold, but none is an emergency landing.
Algeria
Aguenar – Hadj Bey Akhamok Airport, Tamanrasset
Australia
Kingsford-Smith International Airport, Sydney, New South Wales (until 1986)[16]
RAAF Base Amberley, Ipswich, Queensland
RAAF Base Darwin, Darwin, Northern Territory
RAAF Base Pearce, Perth, Western Australia
Bahamas
Lynden Pindling International Airport, Nassau
Barbados
Sir Grantley Adams International Airport, Bridgetown[17][18][19]
Bermuda
NAS Bermuda, St. David's Island
Canada[20]
CFB Goose Bay, Goose Bay, Labrador
CFB Namao, Edmonton, Alberta (until 1994)[21]
Gander International Airport, Gander, Newfoundland
Stephenville International Airport, Stephenville, Newfoundland
St. John's International Airport, St. John's, Newfoundland
Halifax Stanfield International Airport, Halifax, Nova Scotia
Cape Verde
Amílcar Cabral International Airport, Sal Island
Chile
Mataveri International Airport, Easter Island
France
Istres-Le Tubé Air Base near Istres, France[22]
Hao Airport, Hao, French Polynesia
The Gambia
Yundum International Airport, Banjul
Germany
Köln Bonn Airport, Cologne
Ingolstadt Manching Airport, Ingolstadt
Greece
Souda Air Base, Souda Bay, Crete
Iceland
Keflavík International Airport, Keflavík
Ireland
Shannon Airport, Shannon, County Clare
Liberia
Roberts International Airport, Monrovia (until 1989)
Morocco
Ben Guerir Air Base, Morocco (1988-2002)
Mohammed V International Airport, Morocco (until 1986)
Portugal
Lajes Field, Lajes
Beja Airbase, Beja
Saudi Arabia
King Khalid International Airport, Riyadh
Spain
Zaragoza Air Base
Morón Air Base
Gran Canaria Airport, Gran Canaria
Somalia
Berbera Airport, Berbera[23] (inactive since 1991)
South Africa
South African Air Force Base Hoedspruit
Sweden
Arlanda Airport, Stockholm
Turkey
Esenboğa International Airport, Ankara
United Kingdom
RAF Greenham Common, Berkshire, England (from 1981)
RAF Brize Norton, Oxfordshire, England
RAF Fairford, Gloucestershire, England
RAF Finningley, South Yorkshire, England (until 1996)
RAF Machrihanish, Campbeltown, Scotland
RAF Mildenhall, Suffolk, England
RAF Upper Heyford, Oxfordshire, England (until 1993)
British Overseas Territories
NAF Diego Garcia, British Indian Ocean Territory
United States
Andersen Air Force Base, Guam
Atlantic City International Airport, Pomona, New Jersey
Bangor International Airport, Bangor, Maine
Bradley International Airport, Windsor Locks (Hartford), Connecticut
MCAS Cherry Point, Havelock, North Carolina
Columbus Air Force Base, Columbus, Mississippi
Dover Air Force Base, Dover, Delaware
Dyess Air Force Base, Abilene, Texas
East Texas Regional Airport, Longview, Texas
Edwards Air Force Base, CaliforniaEllsworth Air Force Base, Rapid City, South Dakota
Elmendorf Air Force Base, Anchorage, Alaska
Fort Huachuca, Arizona, Sierra Vista, Arizona
Francis S. Gabreski Airport, Long Island, New York
Grant County International Airport, Moses Lake, Washington
Grand Forks Air Force Base, Grand Forks, North Dakota
Griffiss International Airport, Rome, New York
Grissom Air Force Base, Kokomo, Indiana
Hickam Air Force Base, Honolulu, Hawaii
John F. Kennedy International Airport, New York, New York
Lehigh Valley International Airport, Allentown, Pennsylvania
Lincoln Airport, Lincoln, Nebraska
Mountain Home Air Force Base, Mountain Home, Idaho
Myrtle Beach International Airport, Myrtle Beach, South Carolina
Orlando International Airport, Orlando, Florida
Otis Air National Guard Base, Falmouth, Massachusetts
Pease Air Force Base, Portsmouth, New Hampshire
Plattsburgh Air Force Base, Plattsburgh, New York
Portsmouth International Airport, Portsmouth, New Hampshire
Stewart Air National Guard Base, Newburgh, New York
Westover Air Force Base, Chicopee, Massachusetts
White Sands Space Harbor, White Sands, New MexicoWilmington International Airport, Wilmington, North Carolina[24]
Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio
Democratic Republic of the Congo
N'djili Airport, Kinshasa (until 1997)
Other locations
In the event of an emergency deorbit that would bring the orbiter down in an area not within range of a designated emergency landing site, the orbiter was theoretically capable of landing on any paved runway that was at least 3 km (9,800 ft) long, which included the majority of large commercial airports. In practice, a US or allied military airfield would have been preferred for reasons of security arrangements and minimizing the disruption of commercial air traffic.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_Shu ... ding_sites