Moderators: richierich, ua900, PanAm_DC10, hOMSaR
william wrote:For the engines I believe. Just a cool down period.
32andBelow wrote:Breaks too.
727200 wrote:Planes make no money on the ground. Get them up.
Woodreau wrote:Usually the limiting factor is not related to the limitations of the airplane - it is the time for passengers to deplane and board - and passengers just don't move with a sense of urgency.
My first airline scheduled 10 minute turns at the outstation - 20 minutes at the hub.
The fastest we were able to turn the aircraft was 1 minute, i.e. blocked in, then blocked out for the next flight 1 minute later.
It was for turns where we didn't have anyone get off and no one boarded. In that case, we pre-briefed the turn in the air as part of the approach briefing and coordinated with ops when we checked in prior to landing.
Basically, we blocked in, shut down #1, left #2 running, the FO got out and did his post-flight/pre-flight walkaround. While he was doing his walkaround, the ground agent handed the dispatch paperwork through the cockpit window. I scanned the paperwork to make sure all was in order, signed it and handed the release and the weight and balance paperwork back out the window - just as the FO got back in the aircraft from the walkaround and closed the passenger door. Started #1 and blocked out.
Basically our On-In and Out-Off times for the turn was On at 10, In at 11, Out at 12, Off at 13.
Sometimes we would beat the freight guy who either just landed before or after our flight and all he had to do was meet the UPS/FedEx guy and throw the cargo bag into the back of his plane and depart.
Blimpie wrote:I've seen the Alleigent Mad Dogs @HGR sit for less than 45 minutes before turn around which I found to be quite short.
akiss20 wrote:Dumb question but what exactly happened here? You can't get fuel in one minute, and you said no passengers boarded or deplaned, same presumably for freight so what was the point of landing?
Again stupid question which has a simple answer I assume.
Woodreau wrote:Usually the limiting factor is not related to the limitations of the airplane - it is the time for passengers to deplane and board - and passengers just don't move with a sense of urgency.
My first airline scheduled 10 minute turns at the outstation - 20 minutes at the hub.
The fastest we were able to turn the aircraft was 1 minute, i.e. blocked in, then blocked out for the next flight 1 minute later.
It was for turns where we didn't have anyone get off and no one boarded. In that case, we pre-briefed the turn in the air as part of the approach briefing and coordinated with ops when we checked in prior to landing.
Basically, we blocked in, shut down #1, left #2 running, the FO got out and did his post-flight/pre-flight walkaround. While he was doing his walkaround, the ground agent handed the dispatch paperwork through the cockpit window. I scanned the paperwork to make sure all was in order, signed it and handed the release and the weight and balance paperwork back out the window - just as the FO got back in the aircraft from the walkaround and closed the passenger door. Started #1 and blocked out.
Basically our On-In and Out-Off times for the turn was On at 10, In at 11, Out at 12, Off at 13.
Sometimes we would beat the freight guy who either just landed before or after our flight and all he had to do was meet the UPS/FedEx guy and throw the cargo bag into the back of his plane and depart.
strfyr51 wrote:And? That was what Airplane Model? And? What Airport?? The airplane didn't need either Fuel,Food, Nor potable water and probably didn't need a jetway.no crew change, nor cabin refreshments. I won't call a BS but you'd be darn close to it. I worked airlines from 1980-2017 and I NEVER saw that quick of a turn. anyplace by anybody. especially in airline servce. What were you flying Beech 99's??
strfyr51 wrote:That was what Airplane Model? And? What Airport?? The airplane didn't need either Fuel,Food, Nor potable water and probably didn't need a jetway.no crew change, nor cabin refreshments. I won't call a BS but you'd be darn close to it. I worked airlines from 1980-2017 and I NEVER saw that quick of a turn. anyplace by anybody. especially in airline servce.
strfyr51 wrote:That was what Airplane Model? And? What Airport?? The airplane didn't need either Fuel,Food, Nor potable water and probably didn't need a jetway.
no crew change, nor cabin refreshments. I won't call a BS but you'd be darn close to it. I worked airlines from 1980-2017 and I NEVER saw that quick of a turn. anyplace by anybody. especially in airline servce. What were you flying Beech 99's??
Starlionblue wrote:Brakes and engines as mentioned. Another limiting factor is fueling time, though that is more of an issue with widebodies.
pikachu wrote:Starlionblue wrote:Brakes and engines as mentioned. Another limiting factor is fueling time, though that is more of an issue with widebodies.
Can somebody explain the minimum engine rest to me? A reference would be appreciated.
Starlionblue wrote:pikachu wrote:Starlionblue wrote:Brakes and engines as mentioned. Another limiting factor is fueling time, though that is more of an issue with widebodies.
Can somebody explain the minimum engine rest to me? A reference would be appreciated.
There are temperature limits for engine start. If the EGT temp is over the limit, you can't start it.
e38 wrote:Which aircraft have pre-start temperature limits?
e38
mmo wrote:Starlionblue wrote:pikachu wrote:
Can somebody explain the minimum engine rest to me? A reference would be appreciated.
There are temperature limits for engine start. If the EGT temp is over the limit, you can't start it.
Isn't that what we motor the engine during start to ensure it is below 100C?
pikachu wrote:"The 350 automatically motors the engine if the temperature is high. However if the EGT is over 700 you're not permitted to start it."
If the EGT is over 700 degrees C on a shutdown engine I would suggest you have a bigger problem than not being able to start it.
Can anybody provide a manufacturer reference for this minimum engine rest phenomenon? A reference with the stated EGT would be appreciated.
e38 wrote:Are the engine limitations you are making reference to imposed by Airbus, the engine manufacturer, or required by your airline? I am aware of the company for which you work and I know from time to time companies will specify additional systems limitations above and beyond those required by the manufacturer or component sub-contractor.
The reason I ask is that I was not previously aware of an engine temperature limitation prior to starting. The two aircraft I have flown most recently-one using Pratt and Whitney JT8D-17 engines and the other using CFM-56 engines-do not have such limitations.
e38
pikachu wrote:Can anybody provide a manufacturer reference for this minimum engine rest phenomenon? A reference with the stated EGT would be appreciated.
Starlionblue wrote:pikachu wrote:"The 350 automatically motors the engine if the temperature is high. However if the EGT is over 700 you're not permitted to start it."
If the EGT is over 700 degrees C on a shutdown engine I would suggest you have a bigger problem than not being able to start it.
Can anybody provide a manufacturer reference for this minimum engine rest phenomenon? A reference with the stated EGT would be appreciated.
Yes I agree that you would have a bigger problem.Nevertheless, the limits are there. Granted, most likely not a limitation on your typical turnaround.
FCOMs are proprietary but here's an older 330 FCOM. The EGT limits for this particular variant are on page 100. http://www.avialogs.com/en/aircraft/europe-and-consortiums/airbus/a330/airbus-330-fcom-flight-operations-volume-3.html#download
Starlionblue wrote:As you say an upper EGT limit for a start attempt. I never said there was a min engine rest. Just a max EGT.
Anyway, as I said above, it is unlikely that turnaround will be delayed due to high EGT.
pikachu wrote:Starlionblue wrote:As you say an upper EGT limit for a start attempt. I never said there was a min engine rest. Just a max EGT.
Anyway, as I said above, it is unlikely that turnaround will be delayed due to high EGT.
I think it would be a lot easier for everybody if you just posted the limitation that says thou shall not start an engine if EGT is over some value.
Starlionblue wrote:pikachu wrote:Starlionblue wrote:As you say an upper EGT limit for a start attempt. I never said there was a min engine rest. Just a max EGT.
Anyway, as I said above, it is unlikely that turnaround will be delayed due to high EGT.
I think it would be a lot easier for everybody if you just posted the limitation that says thou shall not start an engine if EGT is over some value.
As you can see in the manual excerpt above the value is in the FCOM Limitations sections. "Don't exceed this value" is implied. That's the meaning of "limitations". Same as it doesn't say "don't start the engines if the oil quantity is below minimum" or "don't exceed the service ceiling".
pikachu wrote:
So if I understand correctly, if the EGT of an engine which is not running is above 535 degrees you must wait for it to cool down to 534 degrees or below before starting it?
mmo wrote:There is none! You have to be below 100C before moving the fuel lever to run. After that, the applicable start EGT limit will apply. That's it. Again, if you don't see a limit specified; there is none!
Starlionblue wrote:e38 wrote:Which aircraft have pre-start temperature limits?
e38
A330 (Trent) and A350 just to name two. 700C EFT limit for starting on the ground.mmo wrote:Starlionblue wrote:
There are temperature limits for engine start. If the EGT temp is over the limit, you can't start it.
Isn't that what we motor the engine during start to ensure it is below 100C?
The 350 automatically motors the engine if the temperature is high. However if the EGT is over 700 you're not permitted to start it.
I haven't paid attention to engine temperatures after shutdown though. Don't know how quickly they come down.
pikachu wrote:As a further aside, the maximum certified altitude of the aircraft is a hard value published in the AFM and FCOM Limitations section. You are absolutely correct in stating that nowhere does it say do not go above this altitude. However, I suppose the manufacturer has to take a chance that the people operating the aircraft are in possession of basic reading comprehension skills. And maybe a bit of applied understanding from time to time. So if a manufacturer states that a maximum certified altitude for airplane x is 43 100' what does that mean? Maximum certified altitude means that is the maximum altitude the manufacturer has decided they will certify the aircraft to operate at. This limitation is not implied. It is a published limitation.
Starlionblue wrote:
Neither comes with further instructions, and the EGT limit doesn't mention if it should be respected before start or during start. Again, though, a max EGT starting limitation is unlikely to impact turnarounds...
Starlionblue wrote:As mmo said up-thread, we are getting hung up on semantics.
When I said the service ceiling limitation is "implied", I meant there is no phrase in the FCOM to the effect of "thou shalt never exceed this altitude". I didn't mean the limitations are not binding.
The manual just lists the various limitations. Notable exceptions are Vmo/Mmo, which come with the explicit warning "may not intentionally exceed".
Just as service ceiling is just a value, so is max EGT "starting". Neither comes with further instructions, and the EGT limit doesn't mention if it should be respected before start or during start. Again, though, a max EGT starting limitation is unlikely to impact turnarounds...
neomax wrote:Assuming a hypothetical scenario where turnaround, catering, fueling time is not a factor, is there such a thing as a required minimum "rest" time for an aircraft to spool down to idle and cool on the ground, or can it be sent back up as soon as it is ready?